self-hosted-media
Mar 24, 2022 - ⧖ 6 minSelf-hosting 1 or several media servers is another common homelab use-case. Getting content for your media servers is up to you, but I'll show a few ways here to get content somewhat easily!
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you-get
you-get is a nice cli for grabbing media content off the web.
Installation
pip install you-get or use ad-hoc with pipx run you-get <url>
Usage
For example if I wanted to catch up on ancient Chinese military tactics I may go for The Art of War off the Internet Archive...
sandbox 🌱 main 🗑️ ×3🛤️ ×6via 🐍 v3.8.11 (sandbox) took 15s
❯ you-get https://archive.org/details/art_of_war_librivox -i
Site: Archive.org
Title: The Art of War : Sun Tzu : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive
Type: MP3 (audio/mpeg)
Size: 3.87 MiB (4055167 Bytes)
the -i is showing me the info of what would be downloaded without the flag (it's like a dry run)
sandbox 🌱 main 🗑️ ×3🛤️ ×6via 🐍 v3.8.11 (sandbox)
❯ you-get https://archive.org/details/art_of_war_librivox
Site: Archive.org
Title: The Art of War : Sun Tzu : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive
Type: MP3 (audio/mpeg)
Size: 3.87 MiB (4055167 Bytes)
Downloading The Art of War : Sun Tzu : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archi.mp3 ...
100% ( 3.9/ 3.9MB) ├████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████┤[1/1] 917 kB/s
Now I can toss that mp3 onto my booksonic server and study for world domination while I do the dishes!
pytube
pytube is a python implementation of a youtube downloader that works at the command line or in python!
Installation
pip install pytube
Usage
pytube has a lot of functionality, but a quick one would be the --list so you can see what qualities are available
sandbox main ️ ×3️ ×7via v3.8.11 (sandbox) took 2m49s
❯ pytube https://www.youtube.com/watch\?v\=LDU_Txk06tM --list
Loading video...
<Stream: itag="17" mime_type="video/3gpp" res="144p" fps="8fps" vcodec="mp4v.20.3" acodec="mp4a.40.2" progressive="True" type="video">
<Stream: itag="18" mime_type="video/mp4" res="360p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.42001E" acodec="mp4a.40.2" progressive="True" type="video">
<Stream: itag="22" mime_type="video/mp4" res="720p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.64001F" acodec="mp4a.40.2" progressive="True" type="video">
<Stream: itag="313" mime_type="video/webm" res="2160p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="401" mime_type="video/mp4" res="2160p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.12M.08" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="271" mime_type="video/webm" res="1440p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="400" mime_type="video/mp4" res="1440p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.12M.08" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="137" mime_type="video/mp4" res="1080p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.640028" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="248" mime_type="video/webm" res="1080p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="399" mime_type="video/mp4" res="1080p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.08M.08" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="136" mime_type="video/mp4" res="720p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.4d401f" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="247" mime_type="video/webm" res="720p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="398" mime_type="video/mp4" res="720p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.05M.08" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="135" mime_type="video/mp4" res="480p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.4d401f" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="244" mime_type="video/webm" res="480p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="397" mime_type="video/mp4" res="480p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.04M.08" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="134" mime_type="video/mp4" res="360p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.4d401e" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="243" mime_type="video/webm" res="360p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="396" mime_type="video/mp4" res="360p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.01M.08" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="133" mime_type="video/mp4" res="240p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.4d4015" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="242" mime_type="video/webm" res="240p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="395" mime_type="video/mp4" res="240p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.00M.08" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="160" mime_type="video/mp4" res="144p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.4d400c" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="278" mime_type="video/webm" res="144p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="394" mime_type="video/mp4" res="144p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.00M.08" progressive="False" type="video">
<Stream: itag="139" mime_type="audio/mp4" abr="48kbps" acodec="mp4a.40.5" progressive="False" type="audio">
<Stream: itag="140" mime_type="audio/mp4" abr="128kbps" acodec="mp4a.40.2" progressive="False" type="audio">
<Stream: itag="249" mime_type="audio/webm" abr="50kbps" acodec="opus" progressive="False" type="audio">
<Stream: itag="250" mime_type="audio/webm" abr="70kbps" acodec="opus" progressive="False" type="audio">
<Stream: itag="251" mime_type="audio/webm" abr="160kbps" acodec="opus" progressive="False" type="audio">
pytube <url> --itag <> will download the specific itag from the list.
Notice that some itags are videos and others audio - so you can download just the music of a YT video.
pytube also works in python...
sandbox ↪ main v3.8.11 ipython
❯ from pytube import YouTube
sandbox ↪ main v3.8.11 ipython
❯ [x for x in YouTube("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDU_Txk06tM").streams]
[
<Stream: itag="17" mime_type="video/3gpp" res="144p" fps="8fps" vcodec="mp4v.20.3" acodec="mp4a.40.2" progressive="True" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="18" mime_type="video/mp4" res="360p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.42001E" acodec="mp4a.40.2" progressive="True" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="22" mime_type="video/mp4" res="720p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.64001F" acodec="mp4a.40.2" progressive="True" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="313" mime_type="video/webm" res="2160p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="401" mime_type="video/mp4" res="2160p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.12M.08" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="271" mime_type="video/webm" res="1440p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="400" mime_type="video/mp4" res="1440p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.12M.08" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="137" mime_type="video/mp4" res="1080p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.640028" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="248" mime_type="video/webm" res="1080p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="399" mime_type="video/mp4" res="1080p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.08M.08" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="136" mime_type="video/mp4" res="720p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.4d401f" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="247" mime_type="video/webm" res="720p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="398" mime_type="video/mp4" res="720p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.05M.08" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="135" mime_type="video/mp4" res="480p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.4d401f" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="244" mime_type="video/webm" res="480p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="397" mime_type="video/mp4" res="480p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.04M.08" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="134" mime_type="video/mp4" res="360p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.4d401e" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="243" mime_type="video/webm" res="360p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="396" mime_type="video/mp4" res="360p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.01M.08" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="133" mime_type="video/mp4" res="240p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.4d4015" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="242" mime_type="video/webm" res="240p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="395" mime_type="video/mp4" res="240p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.00M.08" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="160" mime_type="video/mp4" res="144p" fps="30fps" vcodec="avc1.4d400c" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="278" mime_type="video/webm" res="144p" fps="30fps" vcodec="vp9" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="394" mime_type="video/mp4" res="144p" fps="30fps" vcodec="av01.0.00M.08" progressive="False" type="video">,
<Stream: itag="139" mime_type="audio/mp4" abr="48kbps" acodec="mp4a.40.5" progressive="False" type="audio">,
<Stream: itag="140" mime_type="audio/mp4" abr="128kbps" acodec="mp4a.40.2" progressive="False" type="audio">,
<Stream: itag="249" mime_type="audio/webm" abr="50kbps" acodec="opus" progressive="False" type="audio">,
<Stream: itag="250" mime_type="audio/webm" abr="70kbps" acodec="opus" progressive="False" type="audio">,
<Stream: itag="251" mime_type="audio/webm" abr="160kbps" acodec="opus" progressive="False" type="audio">
]
YouTube Frontends
There's 2 really good options for self-hosting a YT front-end...
They have their pros and cons. You can also build yourself with the above utilities and use Plex or Jellyfin to serve up videos...
Your self-hosting journey is up to you!
YouTube
Downloading YouTube videos is a bit of a sore topic... Mainly you don't to hurt creators who rely on YT ad revenue for their livlihood.
Then again, maybe you're a vigilante who knows that YT also monetizes videos for their own gain and that the creators don't see that money either!
The solution is pretty easy and is 2-fold...
- Download YT videos
- Personally support the content creators you follow via paypall, patreon, or whatever else they might have set-up.... even a buck or two a month is more than they'd get from your ad revenue explicitly plus it all goes to them!